Cleansing and Detoxification: Spring Cleansing Strategies
Spring is the season of renewal and rebirth.
The earth comes to life again after a long winter off.
Flowers begin to bloom; trees begin to get leaves.
Your body begins to come alive and awake again after a winter of slow-down.
A great way to shed the sluggishness of winter and add some spring to your step is by doing a spring cleaning of your insides.
Reducing the Toxic Load
An effective cleansing plan must start with what I call “reducing the toxic load”. No matter how many special detox teas you drink or potions or pills you take, if you don’t reduce the toxic load, both during the cleanse and afterward, your success will be short lived.
During a cleanse, you need to eliminate toxic chemicals in food, water and in the air. If you decide to follow a cleanse regime that does not involve cleaning up your diet and environment, you are unlikely to see lasting results. Once you stop the cleansing supplements, your body will soon return to the toxic state it was in when you started.
Foods to avoid while cleansing include all processed foods (just about everything that comes in a box, can, or bag); oils (with the exceptions perhaps of cold pressed olive, coconut, or flax oil); plus wheat, gluten, sugar, dairy, eggs, soy, corn, and peanuts. These last foods are all potential allergens or digestive irritants and thus can thwart the cleansing process.
An effective detox diet plan must also eliminate foods that are difficult to digest like high fat foods, starches, and complex recipes containing a combination of starch or sugar and fat.
Choose the Cleanse That’s Right For You
There as many effective cleansing plans as there are cleansers. That’s why on my Energy Recharge Green Cleanse I offer guidelines and ways to customize. Those who are ready to dive in head first follow Option A, which is the most rigorous plan, while others opt for some variation of B and C, which allow for more flexibility in meal planning.
When I first started my Energy Recharge Green Cleanse (ERGC) back in January 2008, there were very few online cleanses.
Now there are dozens, each one with its own special twist on the cleansing process. Some are food only; many involve a variety of products. A few, like my ERGC, are fully supported and include several support calls and a forum. My ERCG is one of the very few that includes daily journals that allow you to get feedback and support.
Regardless of how you get supported, I feel it’s critical to the success of your cleanse to have a support system in place. It’s a rare person that’s so dedicated and disciplined as to be able to engage successfully in a cleanse and see it through to the end with its emotional ups and downs, temptations to quit, and unpredictable effects in terms of detoxification symptoms.
Learning More About Detox Symptoms
On my blog talk radio show episode, Cleansing and Detoxification Strategies for Spring I discuss the concept of “detox symptoms” — what they are, and why they happen.
I also talk about the pros and cons of a variety of cleansing methods, including fasting, juicing, blending, potions and pills, and just eating whole fresh foods for cleansing so you can determine what’s right for you.
There are some foods that are especially good for cleansing. On the show, I went into detail about my top 5 favorite detox foods. These are described below.
There are many cleanses on the market today. There are potions and pills and herbal remedies. While these sorts of cleanses can be very effective, they can also be complicated and expensive.
I personally prefer food based cleanses.
On my blog talk radio show episode, Cleansing and Detoxification Strategies for Spring I discuss the concept of “detox symptoms”, what they are and why they happen.
I also talk about the pros and cons of a variety of cleansing methods, including fasting, juicing, blending, potions and pills and just eating whole fresh foods for cleansing so you can determine what’s right for you. There are some foods that are especially good for cleansing. On the show, I went into detail about my top 5 favorites. These are also described below.
There are many cleanses on the market today. There are potions and pills and herbal remedies. While these sorts of cleanses can be very effective, they can also be complicated and expensive.
I personally prefer food based cleanses.
My Top 5 Cleansing Foods
Dandelion
Dandelion is a common “weed” that grows abundantly on lawns, in fields and along highways. It’s known for the wispy sprays that top the stem after the flower dies away. As I kid, I loved to blow on them. It was said to be good luck if you could blow all the wisps away with one breath.
I later came to discover that dandelions are one of nature’s most powerful plants. They are part of the sunflower family, another of my favorite plants growing up.
There are about 100 species of dandelion. The entire plant is an effective cleanser.
The root is a common ingredient in detox teas and it stimulates the bile and liver. It also acts as a diuretic and stimulates the release of toxins via your urine.
The leaves are cleansing and nourishing additions to salads, smoothies and soups. A little goes a long way. The bitter flavor stimulates the release of stomach acid and bile, which is why herbalists call dandelion a hepatic.
It’s also considered an aperient (gently moves the bowels), diuretic (makes you pee), tonic, and stomachic. It is useful with all kinds of conditions involving kidney, liver, gallbladder and inflammation of the bowels. The fresh root is good for helping with gallstones, jaundice, alcoholism, hepatitis, scurvy, and especially enlargement of the liver and spleen. Dandelion is also a tonic for female reproductive congestion.
Burdock Root (Arctium lappa)
Burdock is a powerful detoxifier. It’s also a delicious food that can be added to soups, salads, stews, smoothies and stir-fries.
It’s considered by herbalists to be a deep cleaner for it stimulates the release of toxins through sweat, urine and feces. It can also help lower your blood pressure. In Healing with Whole Foods Paul Pitchford writes, “(Burdock) is a virtual cure-all for conditions of excess, and significantly purifies the blood while reducing fat and regulating blood sugar.”
In the West, burdock is known to cleanse the blood, and is useful in situations such as exposure to environmental toxins such as cigarette smoke or air pollution, heavy metals such as mercury, lead or arsenic, and chronic bacterial or viral infections.
In macrobiotic tradition, a popular way to use burdock is cut into match stick sized pieces with equal parts carrot and sautéed in sesame oil. The resulting dish, called kinpura, is considered a deeply cleansing food.
Avocados
We rarely think of avocados as a cleansing food but these nutritional powerhouses lower cholesterol and dilate blood vessels while blocking artery-destroying toxicity.
Avocados contain a nutrient called “glutathione”, a potent antioxidant enzyme that is used by your liver in phase 2 detoxification reactions.
According to the human genome project research, glutathione tends to be low due to genetics in almost 50% of the population due to a single nucleotide polymorphism (an alteration in a gene). The enzyme glutathione-S-transferase, responsible for making glutathione, is missing or deficient in close to 50% of the population.
Glutathione is a master antioxidant that’s important for detoxification of synthetic chemicals, for blocking at least thirty different carcinogens and for increasing the activity of the most important aspect of liver detoxification, the phase 2 cytochrome P450 system.
Cruciferous Vegetables and Leafy Greens
The foods in this detox category include kale, collard greens, dandelion, arugula, spinach, chard, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, broccoli sprouts and Brussels sprouts and many more.
Green foods are powerful allies in cleansing your liver by providing a plethora of minerals, antioxidants and cofactors that support liver detox pathways. Greens are abundant in chlorophyll which has the ability to suck up environmental toxins from your blood stream and neutralize heavy metals, chemicals and pesticides. They are also cleansing to your colon as they provide an abundance of fiber to “sweep” your digestive tract clean.
Crucifers and leafy greens can be eaten raw, cooked or juiced. They can be blended to make smoothies, soups and salad dressings, marinated, processed with nuts and seeds to make crackers and bread, and eaten whole, dipped in guacamole or a healthy dip. Leafy greens make tasty wraps, a cleansing alternative to tortillas, pita bread, sandwich bread and other popular grain based processed wraps and tortilla shells.
Bitter greens like arugula, dandelion greens, mustard greens and chicory help increase the creation and flow of bile and aid in the removal of waste from your organs and blood.
Turmeric
Turmeric is a bitter spice used extensively in East Indian cooking. It contains a chemical constituent called “curcumin” that helps cleanse your liver, purify your blood, and promote good digestion and elimination. It stimulates your gallbladder to produce bile and scavenges free radicals. The spice is aromatic and has a bitter taste. The plant, which grows five to six feet tall, is found in tropical regions throughout Southern Asia; its fingerlike stalk contains the spice’s healing agents.
Turmeric has been shown to be a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent. It has been shown to increase two very important liver detoxification enzymes, UDP glucuronyl transferase and glutathione-S-transferase. Turmeric has also been found to inhibit free radical damage of fats and, prevent the formation of the inflammatory chemical cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).
When rats were fed curcumin, the active constituent of turmeric, for 14 days, glutathione-S-transferase production increased by 16%, and a marker of free radical damage called malondialdehyde decreased by 36%.
Turmeric looks similar to ginger, except that it’s bright orange and the roots are smaller. It’s what gives curry its characteristic bright yellow color.
The Energy Recharge Green Cleanse
My Energy Recharge Green Cleanse is a food based cleanse, although you can supplement with detox herbs and formulas if desired, but it’s not required.
Whether you live in a small town in the Midwest or a bustling metropolitan area, you have access to grocery stores and can get an abundance of fresh produce. That’s all you need, along with a blender, to do my Energy Recharge Green Cleanse.
We currently have over 100 people ready to begin their cleanse on Monday. They’ve been busily preparing by simplifying their food choices and increasing their green foods.
It’s not too late to join!
The spring 2012 Energy Recharge Green Cleanse begins on Monday, April 23rd.
It includes recipes, menu plans, recordings and support calls for guidance and detailed instructions. There’s a community forum to provide support and accountability, as well as a sharing of recipes and resources.
Click HERE for details and to decide if the Energy Recharge Green Cleanse is just what you need to sweep out the cobwebs and jumpstart your body into vibrant health. And a side benefit is a flatter belly, a clearer mind and enough energy for all the things you love.
I look forward to getting to know you during the next Energy Recharge Green Cleanse.
Love, Health and Joy,

Dr. Ritamarie
P.S. As a bonus when you register for the Energy Recharge Green Cleanse you’ll also get three months of ongoing support from me through our Eat Green be Lean Community.
Click HERE to get details and join in.
Super Cleanse Smoothie
- 3/4 bunch of parsley with some stems
- 1 handful arugula
- 1 handful kale
- 1 handful broccoli sprouts
- 3 leaves dandelion greens
- 1/4-inch slice turmeric
- 1/2-inch slice ginger
- 1-inch slice burdock root
- 1/2 – 1 avocado, peeled and pitted
- 1 green apple, cored (optional)
- 1 teaspoon cinnamon
- 2 stalks celery
- 1 teaspoon milk thistle seed powder (optional)
- enough water to blend
Directions:
Blend and enjoy.
Hot and Cleansing Liver Juice
- 1 bunch kale
- 3 leaves dandelion
- 1 cucumber
- 1 small sliver of fresh turmeric (or 1/4 teaspoon dried)
- 1 lemon, juice of
- 2 cloves garlic
- 2 green onions (scallions)
- 1 handful broccoli sprouts
- 1 pinch cayenne
- 3-inch piece of burdock root
Directions:
Run all the ingredients above through a juicer.
Benefits to the Body:
This juice is the ideal liver cleanser. It’s stimulating and does powerful work to keep your liver functioning at its best.
Tags: 7 day cleanse, 7 day detox, burdock root, cleansing, cruciferous, dandelion, detox, detox foods, detox recipe, detoxification, Dr. Ritamarie, Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo, energy recharge, Energy Recharge Green Cleanse, Green Cleanse, green leafy vegetables, green smoothie, green smoothie green cleanse, green smoothie recipe, spring cleanse, toxicity, turmeric
Posted in Cleansing Programs, Detox Program, Raw Food Recipes
Juicing for Energy: How a Juice Cleanse Feeds Every Cell in Your Body
- by Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo
If you’ve ever done a juice cleanse where you consume primarily or exclusively fresh pressed juice for a specified length of time, you may have already experienced the state of “juice euphoria” that comes from having a clean digestive tract and a clear mind.
There is something very freeing about not eating for several days to several weeks and allowing your body to rid itself of toxins.
Each cup of vegetable juice is jam packed with all the nutrients you need to give your mitochondria the raw materials to make energy for you. When you juice rather than eat, the nutrients make a bee-line right into your blood stream, allowing every cell in your body to feel alive and energized.
Most people think that if they do a juice cleanse – meaning consuming nothing but juice for several days or longer – that they’ll feel weak and tired. Quite the contrary in most cases. Think nutrients for starving cells. When you eat in the usual fashion – meaning low nutrient food consumed on the run and under stressful circumstances – there’s very little nutrition, and your digestive system does not digest it well.
If you typically feel less energetic after eating, or crave food even when your stomach is telling you to stop, you just may benefit from a juice cleanse. Your approach can be as simple as replacing a meal or two with fresh squeezed vegetable juice. Of course, if you’d like to really benefit, try a juice cleanse for 3-5 or even 10 days.
Three days is easy to do on your own; ten days is another story. There are a lot of emotions and habits that rear their less than pretty heads when you do an extended cleanse, and it’s best to do it with support, like the 10-Day Juice Cleanse program the Raw Divas are doing in August. I am one of their team of juice and cleansing experts and I must say, I am impressed with what they put together.
Tune in to my recent blog talk radio show called “Juicing as an Antidote to Fatigue” for all the “juicy” details.
Tags: digestion, energy, fatigue, juice, juice cleanse, nutrition
Posted in Cleansing Programs, Detox Program, Exhaustion, Fatigue Treatment, Vibrant Health
Adrenal Fatigue: 3 Tips to Make Your Weekend Count
You’re not alone if you feel frazzled and exhausted by the end of the work week. While our fast paced age of technology has done wonders for keeping us connected like never before, it comes with a price.
Used to be you only got your adrenals fired up when tigers and lions were chasing you. As soon as the threat was handled, your adrenals would settle down and you’d return to a calmer and more steady pace.
When you’re at work, managing the tigers of deadlines, unhappy customers, unruly students and the abundance of stressors that frequent your day to day life, your nervous system operates from a state called sympathetic dominance. When you meditate, rest, do yoga and take time to “smell the roses” you operate from parasympathetic dominance.
Who cares?
You need to if you desire to be focused instead of foggy, energetic instead of exhausted and fit instead of fat.
You see, in sympathetic dominant mode, your digestion slows down, the valves between the various parts of your digestive tract tighten (leading to constipation and abdominal discomfort), and the high level thinking part of your brain, the prefrontal cortex, is inhibited, your hippocampus, gate keeper of your short term memory, gets damaged and DHEA, sometimes called the anti-aging hormone, decreases. The end result is you feel bloated, foggy headed and worn down.
In parasympethic dominant mode, the opposite happens. Your digestion becomes more efficient, your prefrontal cortex is enhanced, your hippocampus repairs and DHEA increases. As a result you feel calm, clear headed and focused and young.
By you may be wondering how to lengthen your stay in parasympathetic dominance.
Start by using my 3 tips to make your weekend count. They will put you into parasympathetic dominance and enable you to rejuvenate before starting the hectic pace all over again on Monday.
Make the weekend count by using it to regroup and give yourself the gift of self care.
1- Set aside 30 minutes for you! Go ahead and look at your calendar and schedule it in. And KEEP the appointment with yourself. Do something you love to do. Take a bath, lay in the sun, read a book…just do something that’s strictly for you. You’ll feel rejuvenated as a result.
2- Take time several times a day to express appreciation to someone, to yourself or to the universe for the blessings in your life. Studies have shown that 30 seconds of appreciation is the most effective means of restoring balance to your system. The Institute of Heartmath has performed dozens of studies on the benefits of appreciation.
3- Take some extra time to sweat. Yes, sweat. When researchers analyzed the sweat of participants after exercise, they found it loaded with toxins. Exerting to the point of a good sweat has many benefits with regards to cardiovascular health, hormone balance and detoxification. And surprisingly they found that the sweat after running for 30 minutes was more full of toxins than the sweat produced in a sauna. If you use your weekend to sweat away toxins, you’ll feel more focused and peaceful when you start the week again.
If you find yourself thinking, “I already know that” in response to the simplicity of these tips, ask yourself this: “Am I taking action?”
Many of the people I work with in group programs and individually are looking for the more glamorous solutions to their health challenges and fail to handle the underlying sympathetic dominance.
Sympathetic dominance is a real problem. No matter what herbs, supplements and foods you eat to support your tired adrenals, if you just keep forcing them to work hard, you won’t be able to restore them. And burned out adrenals can lead to thyroid issues, hormone imbalances, insulin resistance –which contributes to excess belly fat— and chronic fatigue.
I urge you to slow down and use the weekend to restore balance. Once you get that piece wired, we can talk about how to increase your parasympathetic dominance during the week.
To find out the impact of sympathetic dominance on your health, you can answer a set of questions, check physical signs, look at a few markers in routine blood work and even order specialized hormone tests.
In my new course, Assess Your Own Body Chemistry I teach how to evaluate for signs of nutritional deficiency and hormonal imbalance.
Love, Health and Gratitude,
Dr. Ritamarie
Tags: Adrenal Fatigue, appreciation, chronic fatigue, detox, detoxification, digestion, digestive tract, Dr. Ritamarie, DrRitamarie, health challenges, heart math, HeartMath, hormonal imbalance, nutrition, self care, supplements, thyroid, tired
Posted in Adrenal Fatigue, Chronic Fatigue, Chronic Stress, Detox Program, Exhaustion, Fatigue Treatment
Green Smoothie Cleanse Recipes – Low Glycemic
Our Summer 2010 Green Smoothie Cleanse is officially over, and we’re transitioning into the Post Cleanse Week. Chronic fatigue symptoms are abating, allergies are improving and the consensus is there is an overall increased sense of well-being the cleanse promotes. This week is as important as the cleanse week itself. This is wher new habits are formed and the imporvemetns made dueing the cleanse are either re-inforced or left behind. Continuing on a high raw food diet plan helps people sustain the benefits long term.
Here are a couple of delicious recipes shared by one of our Green Smoothie Cleanse Participants. They use in-season, fresh, raw and ripe produce and just the right amount of seasonings.
“Spring Garden Soup”
4 tomatoes
4 celery stalks
2 cups spring mix
2 cups romaine heart
2 limes juiced
1 garlic clove
“Spicy Garden Soup”
1 Tomato
1 English Cucumber
1/2 Zucchini
2 handfuls string beans
8 cups Spring Mix
1 garlic clove
1 ginger nub
1/4 cup lime juice
1/8 tsp cayenne pepper
1 1/2 cups water
Blend and enjoy!
Love, Health and Joy to You,
Dr. Ritamarie
Tags: Adrenal Fatigue, Cleansing Programs, detoxification programs, Dr. Ritamarie, DrRitamarie, Gluten Free Diet, green smoothie, green smoothie. detoxification programs, Living Foods, raw and living foods holiday recipes, Raw Foods classes, vegan foods, whole foods
Posted in Adrenal Fatigue, Articles, Cleansing Programs, Detox Program, Fatigue Treatment, Gluten Free recipes, Raw and Living Foods
Adrenal Fatigue: Tips to Restoring Your Energy and Your Health
Do you ever wake in in the morning, even after a long night of sleep, only to feel sluggish and wishing you had another few hours to rest?
This is one of many signs of adrenal fatigue.
Adrenal fatigue is a common condition in our fast paced, stressed out society.
Your adrenal glands are your body’s mechanism for responding to stressful situations. In the olden days, this meant getting chased by a tiger or dealing with severe cold without shelter or proper clothing.
Fortunately for us, tigers and lack of clothing are not problems we deal with on a regular basis.
Unfortunately we have our own modern day tigers, and they chase some of us 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Modern Day Tigers that Stress Your Adrenals
- Deadlines at work?
- Juggling kids schedules with your own?
- Worry about the economy?
- A sick parent or child?
- An unreasonable boss?
Whatever it is, the response is similar to a real tiger chasing you. Your adrenal glands step into action and do what they do best…shift you into what is often called “fight/flight mode”, and in scientific terms, “sympathetic nervous system dominance”.
In hyper vigilant adrenal state, your heart rate increases, your respiration quickens and the blood supply to your brain and vital organs decreases and is sent to your extremities…so you can run away or fight.
In addition, your digestive track activity decreases and the sphincters– the valves between sections of the digestive tract– tighten. This is to protect you from needing to use the bathroom in the middle of running away from or fighting a tiger.
Translate this into modern life. If you find yourself stressed out and worried quite a bit of the time, you increase your risk of indigestion, constipation, gas and bloating as well as heart and circulation problems due to prolonged increased heart rate.
Oh, and I forgot to mention. In fight flight mode, your sex drive goes away, too.
Doesn’t help to be having lustful thoughts when you’re trying to get away from that tiger. On a biochemical level, the same chemical molecules that make the adrenal hormone cortisol, which gets elevated under stress, are also needed to make estrogen, progesterone and testosterone, all needed for libido and reproductive function.
Another problem with cortisol is that in excess it can cause damage to your mitochondria, the energy producing mechanisms in each of your cells. Cortisol also damages your hippocampus, the part of your brain that helps with short term memory. Ever walk into a room, only to forget what you went there for? That’s likely because your hippocampus has been impeded by the cortisol you produced when you were stressed out.
Yikes! SO if this is you, what can you do to fix things?
In my over two decades of clinical practice, I’ve seem many cases of adrenal burnout and the damages caused by chronic stress.
Fortunately there are actions you can take reverse the damage and repair your adrenal glands. But if you keep getting stressed out, you’ll be a lot like a hamster on a wheel….working hard but never getting anywhere. Repairing your adrenals and transforming your response to stress take some time and retraining, and the transformations you experience when you do can be miraculous.
3 Tips for Combating Adrenal Fatigue
1- Learn stress management and stress transformation techniques. One of my favorites is called Heart Math, and uses a combination of deep breathing, focusing on your heart and feeling appreciation. It completely changed my life. I did a 90 minute stress transformation teleseminar a couple of years ago that guided the participants through the process and the response was dramatic.
2- Nourish your adrenals. Did you know that 80% of the vitamin C used in your body is used by your adrenal glands? Excessive stress depletes your vitamin C stores and can lead to allergies, poor wound healing, easy bruising and increased susceptibility for colds, flu and other infectious disease? Your adrenals also use lots of B vitamins, especially pantothenic acid and B6. That’s why a lot of B complex formulas are called Stress formulas. Eating a whole foods, high raw, high green diet will ensure you have adequate intake of nutrients to maintain your adrenals when they are brought back to normal;however, when you’re in the mode of recovery, supplementation is often needed.
3- Support your body’s detoxification systems by periodic cleansing. Face it, eating on the run, making even occasional poor food choices and being stressed out impair your liver’s ability to do it’s job of cleansing. One of my favorite ways to cleanse my body is with green smoothies. Even though I eat really healthfully, exercise on a regular basis, and do my Heart Math exercises daily, I’m not perfect. I still get stressed out sometimes, I’m exposed to toxins and I eat on the run more often than I’d like.
I personally do a Green Cleanse at least quarterly by taking a week off eating and just drinking green smoothies or juices for 7 days. I am always amazed at how much more energy I have when I do this. That’s why every 3 months, I lead a group green smoothie cleanse. I have hundreds of success stories from people who feel they got their life back after a green cleanse. This time around I’ve added a new component – daily interactive journals. The details about the cleanse, go to my Green Smoothie Cleanse Website.
If you’ve already done a green cleanse or a short cleanse and are ready to take it to the next level, I suggest you do a deep tissue detox like my Six Week Deep Tissue Detox or something similar.
Bedtime and Wake-up Rituals for Adrenal Fatigue Support
One last tip for rebuilding your adrenals – create supportive bedtime and morning rituals that re-establishes
your circadian rhythm. Here’s a starting set that I recommend to my adrenal fatigue patients:
- Shut off all electronics within an hour of bedtime.
- Eat your last meal within 3 hours of bedtime.
- Fill a 16 ounce glass with pure water and the juice of 1 lemon and put it by your bedside.
- Find 3 things to appreciate before you fall asleep.
- Find 3 things to appreciate before you get out of bed.
- Drink the water as soon as you get up.
- As soon as you get up, go outside and get 5 – 15 minutes of sun, even if the sun is not out. Face in the direction of the sun and sip your water.
Get going on these habits, cleanse regularly and master the Heart Math techniques and you’ll soon be bouncing out of
bed in the morning with vim, vigor and enthusiasm for life.
I hope to meet you soon on a green smoothie cleanse.
Love, Health and Joy,
Dr. Ritamarie
Tags: Adrenal Fatigue, chronic fatigue, Cleansing Programs, detoxification programs, Dr. Ritamarie, Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo, DrRitamarie, green smoothie, green smoothie. detoxification programs, Living Foods, Raw Foods, raw foods diet, raw foods recipes, Vibrant Health
Posted in Adrenal Fatigue, Detox Program, Green Smoothies
Medical and Site Disclaimer: The information on this website is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professinoal and is not intended as medical advice. It is intended as a sharing of knowledge and information from the research and experience of Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo, DrRitamarie.com LLC. We encourage you to make your own health care decisions based upon your research and in partnership with a qualified health care professional. All trademarks and copyrights on this page are owned by their respective owners.
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